JESUS BEFORE PILATE
15 And straightway in the morning the chief priests held a consultation with the elders and scribes and the whole council, and bound Jesus, and carried him away, and delivered him to Pilate.
2 And Pilate asked him, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answering said unto them, Thou sayest it.
3 And the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing.
4 And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they witness against thee.
5 But Jesus yet answered nothing; so that Pilate marvelled.
6 Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired.
7 And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.
8 And the multitude crying aloud began to desire him to do as he had ever done unto them.
9 But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
10 For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.
11 But the chief priests moved the people, that he should rather release Barabbas unto them.
12 And Pilate answered and said again unto them, What will ye then that I shall do unto him whom ye call the King of the Jews?
13 And they cried out again, Crucify him.
14 Then Pilate said unto them, Why, what evil hath he done? And they cried out the more exceedingly, Crucify him.
2 And Pilate asked him, Art thou the King of the Jews? And he answering said unto them, Thou sayest it.
3 And the chief priests accused him of many things: but he answered nothing.
4 And Pilate asked him again, saying, Answerest thou nothing? behold how many things they witness against thee.
5 But Jesus yet answered nothing; so that Pilate marvelled.
6 Now at that feast he released unto them one prisoner, whomsoever they desired.
7 And there was one named Barabbas, which lay bound with them that had made insurrection with him, who had committed murder in the insurrection.
8 And the multitude crying aloud began to desire him to do as he had ever done unto them.
9 But Pilate answered them, saying, Will ye that I release unto you the King of the Jews?
10 For he knew that the chief priests had delivered him for envy.
11 But the chief priests moved the people, that he should rather release Barabbas unto them.
12 And Pilate answered and said again unto them, What will ye then that I shall do unto him whom ye call the King of the Jews?
13 And they cried out again, Crucify him.
14 Then Pilate said unto them, Why, what evil hath he done? And they cried out the more exceedingly, Crucify him.
JESUS IS BEATEN
15 And so Pilate, willing to content the people, released Barabbas unto them, and delivered Jesus, when he had scourged him, to be crucified.
16 And the soldiers led him away into the hall, called Praetorium; and they call together the whole band.
17 And they clothed him with purple, and platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head,
18 And began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews!
19 And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him.
20 And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own clothes on him, and led him out to crucify him.
21 And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross.
22 And they bring him unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a skull.
23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
24 And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.
16 And the soldiers led him away into the hall, called Praetorium; and they call together the whole band.
17 And they clothed him with purple, and platted a crown of thorns, and put it about his head,
18 And began to salute him, Hail, King of the Jews!
19 And they smote him on the head with a reed, and did spit upon him, and bowing their knees worshipped him.
20 And when they had mocked him, they took off the purple from him, and put his own clothes on him, and led him out to crucify him.
21 And they compel one Simon a Cyrenian, who passed by, coming out of the country, the father of Alexander and Rufus, to bear his cross.
22 And they bring him unto the place Golgotha, which is, being interpreted, The place of a skull.
23 And they gave him to drink wine mingled with myrrh: but he received it not.
24 And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take.
vs 15 Pilate was more concerned about the Jews creating a riot than of one innocent man being crucified. Here we see Jesus sacrificially taking the place of Barabbas on the cross. The people chose hatred over love in that moment. The Romans scourging included the use of a whip that could remove skin and muscle.
vs 16 Praetorium was the governors residence while in Jerusalem. This could have been at the Antonia Fortress or perhaps Herod's palace. John MacArthur in his commentary notes that the whole band would have included 600 men. Probably less because some would have been on duty.
vs 17 The crown and the purple clothes were a sign of royalty. Everything they did here was to mock the self proclaimed King of the Jews. The soldiers were an occupying force, in an area where many of the Jews hated them. They were far from home, faced dangers everyday, and had to keep the peace in a sometimes hostile land. Their callousness is understandable, but shocking nonetheless. Jesus allows all of this to take place. He can stop at anytime. The most powerful being on Earth is willingly submitting to the Fathers will.
vs 18 In their mocking Jesus, they speak the truth.
vs 19 The soldiers beat Him on the head and spit on Him, to show how powerless He was. The mockingly worship Him. They know not what they do.
vs 21 The condemned was required to carry the crossbeam in which their hands would be affixed. Jesus would have been physically weakened by the lack of sleep and the beatings. Simon will be chosen to help Jesus get the instrument of His death to Golgotha. Cyrene is in North Africa. Simon and his family have made a long journey to Jerusalem for the Passover, and now he has become part of the crucifixion. Mark notes Alexander and Rufus are his children. Mark is writing to the Romans, and apparently Simons family had moved to Rome at some point, and they are known in Rome.
vs 22 Middle image below. Golgotha is an Aramaic term meaning skull.
vs 23 This drink is believed to help deaden some of the pain. Perhaps to aid in the prolongation of suffering.
vs 24 Psalm 22 is relevant at this point. Written by King David who died in 970. David describes many of the events of the crucifixion before it exists. Crucifixion was introduced by the Persians in the late 500s BC.
Mark simply writes that they crucified Him. Perhaps his readers in Rome would have been knowledgeable ofthe details of this process. Once again Psalm 22 is relevant.
Psalm 22:18
18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.
Psalm 22:12-19
12 Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round.
13 They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion.
14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels.
15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death.
16 For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet.
17 I may tell all my bones: they look and stare upon me.
18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.
19 But be not thou far from me, O Lord: O my strength, haste thee to help me.
vs 16 Praetorium was the governors residence while in Jerusalem. This could have been at the Antonia Fortress or perhaps Herod's palace. John MacArthur in his commentary notes that the whole band would have included 600 men. Probably less because some would have been on duty.
vs 17 The crown and the purple clothes were a sign of royalty. Everything they did here was to mock the self proclaimed King of the Jews. The soldiers were an occupying force, in an area where many of the Jews hated them. They were far from home, faced dangers everyday, and had to keep the peace in a sometimes hostile land. Their callousness is understandable, but shocking nonetheless. Jesus allows all of this to take place. He can stop at anytime. The most powerful being on Earth is willingly submitting to the Fathers will.
vs 18 In their mocking Jesus, they speak the truth.
vs 19 The soldiers beat Him on the head and spit on Him, to show how powerless He was. The mockingly worship Him. They know not what they do.
vs 21 The condemned was required to carry the crossbeam in which their hands would be affixed. Jesus would have been physically weakened by the lack of sleep and the beatings. Simon will be chosen to help Jesus get the instrument of His death to Golgotha. Cyrene is in North Africa. Simon and his family have made a long journey to Jerusalem for the Passover, and now he has become part of the crucifixion. Mark notes Alexander and Rufus are his children. Mark is writing to the Romans, and apparently Simons family had moved to Rome at some point, and they are known in Rome.
vs 22 Middle image below. Golgotha is an Aramaic term meaning skull.
vs 23 This drink is believed to help deaden some of the pain. Perhaps to aid in the prolongation of suffering.
vs 24 Psalm 22 is relevant at this point. Written by King David who died in 970. David describes many of the events of the crucifixion before it exists. Crucifixion was introduced by the Persians in the late 500s BC.
Mark simply writes that they crucified Him. Perhaps his readers in Rome would have been knowledgeable ofthe details of this process. Once again Psalm 22 is relevant.
Psalm 22:18
18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.
Psalm 22:12-19
12 Many bulls have compassed me: strong bulls of Bashan have beset me round.
13 They gaped upon me with their mouths, as a ravening and a roaring lion.
14 I am poured out like water, and all my bones are out of joint: my heart is like wax; it is melted in the midst of my bowels.
15 My strength is dried up like a potsherd; and my tongue cleaveth to my jaws; and thou hast brought me into the dust of death.
16 For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet.
17 I may tell all my bones: they look and stare upon me.
18 They part my garments among them, and cast lots upon my vesture.
19 But be not thou far from me, O Lord: O my strength, haste thee to help me.
JESUS IS CRUCIFIED
25 And it was the third hour, and they crucified him.
26 And the superscription of his accusation was written over, The King Of The Jews.
27 And with him they crucify two thieves; the one on his right hand, and the other on his left.
28 And the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, And he was numbered with the transgressors.
29 And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and saying, Ah, thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days,
30 Save thyself, and come down from the cross.
31 Likewise also the chief priests mocking said among themselves with the scribes, He saved others; himself he cannot save.
32 Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reviled him.
33 And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
34 And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
35 And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calleth Elias.
36 And one ran and filled a spunge full of vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink, saying, Let alone; let us see whether Elias will come to take him down.
37 And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.
38 And the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom.
39 And when the centurion, which stood over against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son of God.
40 There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;
41 (Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.
26 And the superscription of his accusation was written over, The King Of The Jews.
27 And with him they crucify two thieves; the one on his right hand, and the other on his left.
28 And the scripture was fulfilled, which saith, And he was numbered with the transgressors.
29 And they that passed by railed on him, wagging their heads, and saying, Ah, thou that destroyest the temple, and buildest it in three days,
30 Save thyself, and come down from the cross.
31 Likewise also the chief priests mocking said among themselves with the scribes, He saved others; himself he cannot save.
32 Let Christ the King of Israel descend now from the cross, that we may see and believe. And they that were crucified with him reviled him.
33 And when the sixth hour was come, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
34 And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?
35 And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calleth Elias.
36 And one ran and filled a spunge full of vinegar, and put it on a reed, and gave him to drink, saying, Let alone; let us see whether Elias will come to take him down.
37 And Jesus cried with a loud voice, and gave up the ghost.
38 And the veil of the temple was rent in twain from the top to the bottom.
39 And when the centurion, which stood over against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son of God.
40 There were also women looking on afar off: among whom was Mary Magdalene, and Mary the mother of James the less and of Joses, and Salome;
41 (Who also, when he was in Galilee, followed him, and ministered unto him;) and many other women which came up with him unto Jerusalem.
vs 25 The third hour is 9am. This is 3 hours after sunrise.
vs 26 In Luke Pilate had repeatedly declared Jesus innocent, he had this description of Jesus' crime written in Greek, Aramaic, and Hebrew. This notification would be written on a board and hung above Jesus to notify all witness' of the alleged crime. In John, the Jewish leaders want Pilate to write something different, but he refuses. This true statement therefore would stay.
vs 27 The two others crucified were likely affiliated with Barabbas' insurrection.
vs 28 Fulfilled Isaiah 53.
Isaiah 53:12
12 Therefore will I divide him a portion with the great, and he shall divide the spoil with the strong; because he hath poured out his soul unto death: and he was numbered with the transgressors; and he bare the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.
vs 29 Wagging the head was a gesture of contempt. The passersby were repeating the misunderstood words of Jesus quoted in John 2:19-21.
John 2:19-21
19 Jesus answered and said unto them, Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up.
20 Then said the Jews, Forty and six years was this temple in building, and wilt thou rear it up in three days?
21 But he spake of the temple of his body.
vs 30 -32 The passersby demand a sign that He is the Messiah. The chief priests also mocked Him. The Messiah they were expecting would come in power, not seemingly helpless. To them Jesus could not be the Messiah, thus justifying all they had done.
vs 33 About noon darkness came over the land. Darkness was a sign of divine judgement.
vs 34 Aramaic words quoted from Psalm 22:1. Jesus is feeling the weight of the Father turning as He accepts our sins.
Psalm 22:1
22:1 My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me? why art thou so far from helping me, and from the words of my roaring?
vs 35 Elijah was to come as the forerunner to the Messiah. Once again Jesus is being mocked.
Malachi 4;4-6
4 Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments.
5 Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the Lord:
6 And he shall turn the heart of the fathers to the children, and the heart of the children to their fathers, lest I come and smite the earth with a curse.
JESUS IS BURIED
42 And now when the even was come, because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath,
43 Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.
44 And Pilate marvelled if he were already dead: and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him whether he had been any while dead.
45 And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph.
46 And he bought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
47 And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where he was laid.
43 Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.
44 And Pilate marvelled if he were already dead: and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him whether he had been any while dead.
45 And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph.
46 And he bought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre which was hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
47 And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where he was laid.